THE INFLUENCE OF PRELIMINARY DEFORMATION TREATMENT ON THE HARDENING AND QUALITY OF THE NITRIDED SURFACE OF AUSTENITE STAINLESS STEEL


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Abstract

The searching for the effective methods of hardening (when retaining the high surface quality) of austenitic chromium-nickel steels, which are thermally nonhardenable and liable to adhesion structural materials, is relevant. In this paper, using the methods of electronic scanning microscopy, optical profilometry and microdurometry, the authors studied the influence of combined treatment including the nanostructuring frictional treatment by applying the sliding synthetic diamond indenter in conjunction with the nitrogen hardening in the electron beam plasma at the temperatures between 300 and 500 °С, on the hardening, quality and roughness of AISI 321 metastable austenitic steel surface. To compare, the plasma nitrogen hardening of undeformed coarse-crystalline steel was studied. The preliminary steel surface nanostructuring by frictional treatment and further nitrogen hardening at the temperature of ТN=350 °С increase significantly the depth of hardened layer. This temperature is the minimum temperature of effective nitrogen hardening both of the deformation-nanostructured and the coarse-crystalline steel. The preliminary deformation treatment hinders the strong growth of roughness and prevents the surface quality deterioration during nitrogen hardening due to the inhibition of nitride phases precipitation on the grains and subgrains boundaries that lead to the “swelling” of the undeformed steel surface. However, the nitrogen hardening at the temperature of ТN=500 °С causes the intense blistering and pore formation on the steel surface previously processed by friction treatment. It is associated with the emergence of the increased amount of ε-phase and gaseous nitrogen in the diffusion active nanostructured surface layer after the nitrogen hardening. The reduction of nitriding temperature from 500 to 350 °C promotes the elimination of blistering and pore formation, and, as a result, the reduction of roughness (up to Ra=0.1 μm) and the quality improvement of nitride steel surface prehardened by friction treatment.

About the authors

Aleksey Viktorovich Makarov

M.N. Mikheev Institute of Metal Physics of Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Yekaterinburg
Institute of Engineering Science of Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Yekaterinburg

Author for correspondence.
Email: avm@imp.uran.ru

Doctor of Sciences (Engineering), Head of Department of Materials Science and Laboratory of Mechanical Properties 

Russian Federation

Galina Viktorovna Samoylova

M.N. Mikheev Institute of Metal Physics of Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Yekaterinburg

Email: a1isova@mail.ru

postgraduate student

Russian Federation

Aleksandr Sergeevich Mamaev

Institute of Electrophysics of Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ekaterinburg

Email: asm@iep.uran.ru

PhD (Engineering), researcher

Russian Federation

Alevtina Leontievna Osintseva

Institute of Engineering Science of Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Yekaterinburg

Email: lkm@imach.uran.ru

PhD (Engineering), senior researcher

Russian Federation

Roman Anatolievich Savray

Institute of Engineering Science of Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Yekaterinburg

Email: ras@imach.uran.ru

PhD (Engineering), Head of Laboratory of Constructional Material Science

Russian Federation

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